1 Isicelo Main
Ukwehla okungaziwa ukuthi abantu bahlangana nokuphila kwansuku zonke banesakhiwo esilula futhi benziwa ama-monofilaments afanayo abuthene ezinyangeni. I-Ravening engafakwanga ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: I-Alkali-Free and Medium-Alkali, ehlukaniswa ikakhulu ngomehluko wokuqanjwa kwengilazi. Ukuze ukhiqize ama-rovings engilazi afanele, ububanzi bemicu yengilazi esetshenzisiwe kufanele bube phakathi kuka-12 no-23 μm. Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo, ingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ekwakhekeni kwezinye izinto eziyinhlanganisela, njengezinqubo ze-winding and purntusion. Futhi futhi kungafakwa izindwangu ezivuthayo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungezwani kwayo okufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yokusetshenziswa kwe-roovising eqoshiwe nayo ibanzi kakhulu.
1.1.1Ukuvusa okusontekayo kwe-jetting
Enqubweni yokubumba ye-FRP umjovo, ukuzulazula okusontekayo kufanele kube nezakhiwo ezilandelayo:
(1) Njengoba ukusikwa okuqhubekayo kudingeka ekukhiqizweni, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ugesi omncane we-state akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusika, okudinga ukusebenza okuhle kokusika.
(2) Ngemuva kokusika, isilika esiluhlaza kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kufanele kukhiqizwe, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kahle kokwakheka kwesilika kuqinisekiswa ukuthi kuphakeme. Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlakazwa kokugibela emcudweni ngemuva kokusika kuphakeme.
(3) Ngemuva kokuququlwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intambo eluhlaza ingambozwa ngokuphelele ekubumbeni, intambo eluhlaza kufanele ibe nokuhlanganiswa kwefilimu okuhle.
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1.1.2Ukusonta okusontekayo kwe-SMC
I-SMC, eyaziwa nangokuthi ishidi lokubumba i-compacting compact, ingabonakala yonke indawo empilweni, njengezingxenye zokugeza ezaziwayo, izindawo zokugeza nezihlalo ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzisa i-SMC Rough. Ekhiqizweni, kunezidingo eziningi zokuvuselelwa kwe-SMC. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuqina okuhle, izakhiwo ezinhle zika-antistatic, kanye noboya obuncane bokuqinisekisa ukuthi ishidi le-SMC likhiqizwa lifanelekile. Nge-SMC enemibala, izidingo ze-roving zihlukile, futhi kufanele kube lula ukungena ku-resin ngokuqukethwe kwe-pigment. Imvamisa, i-Common Fiberglass SMC ROVING ye-2400TEX, futhi kukhona nezimo ezimbalwa lapho kungu-4800tex.
1.1.3Ukuvuselelwa okungafakwanga ukuzungeza
Ukuze wenze amapayipi e-FRP anobukhulu obuhlukile, kwaqalwa indlela ebanzi. Ukuze uthole i-roving yokufaka umoya, kufanele ibe nezimpawu ezilandelayo.
(1) Kumele kube lula ukuyithinta, imvamisa ngesimo setheyipu ephansi.
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(3) Ukungezwani akunakuba mkhulu noma kube mncane, futhi into ye-averhang ayinakwenzeka.
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Inqubo ye-pussstrion isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni amaphrofayili ahlukahlukene ngezigaba eziphambanisa ezingaguquki. Ukuvuselelwa kwepulpusion kumele kuqinisekise ukuthi okuqukethwe kwayo kwengilazi yengilazi namandla angafakwanga kusezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuvuselelwa kwepulpusion okusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kuyinhlanganisela yemicu eminingi ye-lulk eluhlaza, futhi ezinye zingaba nokuphamba okuqondile, zombili ezingenzeka. Ezinye izidingo zokwenziwa kwayo ziyafana nalezo zokuvuselelwa komoya.
1.1.5 Ukuvusa okusontekayo kokuluka
Empilweni yansuku zonke, sibona izindwangu ze-gingham ezinobukhulu obuhlukile noma izindwangu ezivuthayo ngendlela efanayo, okungukuthi ukuvela kokunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwe-roving, okusetshenziselwa ukuluka. I-roving esetshenzisiwe ibizwa nangokuthi i-rovoving yokuluka. Iningi lalezi zindwangu liqokonyiswa ekubumbeni kwe-FRP eLandla. Ukuze uthole izidingo ezivuthayo, izidingo ezilandelayo kumele zihlangatshezwe:
(1) Kugqokwa ngokujwayelekile.
(2) Kulula ukuyithinta.
(3) Ngoba isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuluka, kufanele kube nesinyathelo sokomi ngaphambi kokuluka.
. Futhi uhlangane nemibandela ethile ngokuya nge-overhang.
(5) Ukulimazeka kungcono.
(6) Kulula ukungenelwa yi-resin lapho kudlula ethangini le-resin, ngakho-ke ukuvumela kumele kube kuhle.
1.1.6 Ukuvutha okusonteka ku-premorform
Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Preform, ngokuvamile ikhuluma, yakha kuqala, futhi umkhiqizo utholakele ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezifanele. Ekhiqizweni, siqala ukunquma ukudonswa, futhi sifafaze i-roving enqunyiwe enetheni, lapho inetha kufanele libe netha nge-shame enqunyelwe. Bese ufafaza i-resin ukuze ikwazi ukwakheka. Ekugcineni, umkhiqizo omisiwe ufakwa ekubumbeni, futhi i-resin ifakwe bese icindezelwa ukushisa ukuze ithole umkhiqizo. Izidingo zokusebenza kwezinto zokuphamba ama-preform ziyefana nalezo ze-jet rovings.
Indwangu ye-1.2 ingilazi evuthayo yendwangu
Kunezindwangu eziningi ezinolaka, kanti uGingham ungomunye wabo. Enqubweni ye-FRP yezandla, uGingham usetshenziswa kabanzi njengento ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukukhulisa amandla e-gingham, lapho-ke udinga ukushintsha indlela ye-warp kanye ne-weft ukuqondiswa kwendwangu, engaphendulwa ibe yi-gingham engavumi. Ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yendwangu ekhethiwe, izici ezilandelayo kufanele ziqinisekiswe.
(1) Indwangu, kuyadingeka ukuba yifulethi iphelele, ngaphandle kwamahlamvu, imiphetho namakhona kufanele kube ngqo, futhi akufanele kube namamaki angcolile.
(2) Ubude, ububanzi, ikhwalithi, isisindo nobuningi bendwangu kumele bahlangabezane namazinga athile.
(3) Ama-fiber fiber fiber kumele agoqwe kahle.
(4) Ukuze akwazi ukungena ngaphakathi ngokushesha yi-resin.
(5) Ukoma kanye nomswakama wezindwangu ezilukiwe kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile.
1.3 I-Glass Fibre Mat
1.3.1Oqoshiwe umusi mat
Qala okokuqala, uwafafaze ngebhande le-mesh elilungiselelwe. Bese ufafaza i-tinder kuyo, uyishise ukuze incibilike, bese uyipholisa ukuze iqinise, futhi i-strand mat eqoshiwe yakhiwa. Ama-Strand Strand Fibres Mats asetshenziswa kwinqubo yokulala yesandla nasekuluka ulwelwesi lwe-SMC. Ukuze uzuze umphumela omuhle kakhulu we-strand mat, ekukhiqizeni, izidingo zomhlathi oqoshiwe zimi ngokulandelayo.
(1) I-strand yonke eqoshiwe mat iyisicaba futhi.
(2) Izimbobo ze-strand mat eziqoshiwe zincane futhi zifana ngosayizi
(4) hlangana namazinga athile.
(5) Ingagcwala ngokushesha ne-resin.
1.3.2 I-Strand Mat eqhubekayo
Imichilo yengilazi ibekelwe ifulethi ebhekeni le-mesh ngokwezidingo ezithile. Ngokuvamile, abantu basho ukuthi kufanele babeke phansi isicaba ku-8. Bese ufafaza ukuthambekela kwe-powder phezulu nokushisa ukuze ukwelapha. Ama-Strand Strand aqhubekayo aphakeme kakhulu ku-strand mats aqoshiwe lapho aqinisa impahla eyinhlanganisela, ikakhulukazi ngoba imicu yengilazi kumakamu aqhubekayo aqhubekayo. Ngenxa yokuthola amandla ayo okuthuthuka okungcono, kusetshenziswe ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene.
1.3.3Umugqa we-Surface
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-surval mat nakho kuvame empilweni yansuku zonke, njenge-resin ungqimba yemikhiqizo ye-FRP, okuphakathi nendawo ye-alkali ye-alkali engaphezulu. Thatha i-FRP njengesibonelo, ngoba udaka lwalo olungaphezulu lwenziwe ngengilazi ye-alkali ephakathi, kwenza uFr uzinzile ngamakhemikhali. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba umphetho ongaphezulu ukhanya kakhulu futhi mncane, ungadonsa kabusha ama-resin amaningi, ongakwazi kuphela ukudlala indima evikelayo kepha futhi adlale indima enhle.
1.3.4Inaliti mat
I-Wintel Mat ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili, isigaba sokuqala siqoshiwe i-fiber spunching. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula, qala kuqala unqume i-fiber yengilazi, usayizi ucishe ube ngu-5 cm, ungafafaza ngezikhathi ezithile kwibhande lesitekisi, bese ubeka i-substrate nge-crosettere, bese ubhoboza Umphumela wenaliti ye-crochet, imicu igwazwa ibe yi-substrate yabe isicasulwa ukwakha isakhiwo esinezici ezintathu. I-substrate ekhethiwe nayo inezimfuneko ezithile futhi kufanele ibe nomuzwa we-fluffy. Imikhiqizo ye-Willle Mat isetshenziswa kabanzi ekufakweni komsindo kanye nezinto zokufaka okushisayo ezisuselwa ezakhiweni zazo. Vele, ingasetshenziswa futhi ku-frp, kepha ayithandwa ngoba umkhiqizo otholwe unamandla aphansi futhi uthambekele ekuqhekekeni. Olunye uhlobo lubizwa ngokuthi yi-Finament Willa-punched mat eqhubekayo, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza nayo ilula. Okokuqala, i-filament iphonswe ngokungahleliwe eMesh Belt elungiselelwe kusengaphambili ngedivaysi yokuphonsa ucingo. Ngokufanayo, inaliti ye-crochet ithathwe nge-acupuncture ukwakha isakhiwo se-fiber esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Eglass fiber aqinisile ama-thermoplastics, ama-mats aqhubekayo akhona asetshenziswa kahle.
Imicu yengilazi eqoshiwe ingashintshwa ibe yibunjwa emibili ehlukene ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile ngesenzo sokuthunga somshini we-stitchbonding. Owokuqala ukuba ngumucu oqoshiwe we-strand mat, esikhundleni ngempumelelo u-strand we-strand oqoshiwe. Okwesibili ngumbatho omude, othatha indawo eqhubekayo ye-strand mat. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukile zinenzuzo evamile. Azisebenzisi ama-adhesives enqubweni yokukhiqiza, ukugwema ukungcoliswa kanye nokungcola kanye nokwanelisa ukuphishekela abantu bantu ekusindisweni kwezinsizakusebenza nasekuvikeleni imvelo.
1.4 imicu yeminyaka
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Grain Fiber ilula kakhulu. Thatha i-hammer mill noma okokugaya kwebhola bese ubeka imicu eqoshiwe kukho. Ukugaya nokugaya imicu nakho kunezicelo eziningi ekukhiqizeni. Enqubweni yokusabela, i-fiber egayiwe isebenza njengento eqinisayo, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kungcono kakhulu kunaleyo micu. Ukuze ugweme ukuqhekeka futhi uthuthukise i-shrinkage ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo e-cast and huld, imicu ebilisiwe ingasetshenziswa njengabagibeli.
1.5 Indwangu ye-fiberglass
1.5.1Indwangu yengilazi
Kungohlobo lwendwangu yefayibha yengilazi. Indwangu yengilazi ekhiqizwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene inamazinga ahlukile. Emkhakheni wendwangu yengilazi ezweni lami, kuhlukaniswe kakhulu izinhlobo ezimbili: indwangu yengilazi yamahhala ye-alkali kanye nendwangu yengilazi ye-mengy alkali. Ukusetshenziswa kwendwangu yengilazi kungashiwo ukuthi kukhulu kakhulu, futhi umzimba wemoto, i-hull, ithangi elijwayelekile lesitoreji, njll. Kungabonakala esifanekisweni sendwangu yengilazi yama-alkali. Indwangu yengilazi ye-Medium Alkali, ukumelana kwayo kokugqwala kungcono, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo engamelana nokugqwala. Ukwahlulela izici zezindwangu zefayibha yeglanala, ikakhulukazi ukuqala kusuka ezicini ezine, izakhiwo ze-fiber ngokwazo, ukwakheka kwe-fiber ye-fiber yengilazi, i-warp kanye nendlela yendwangu. Endleleni ye-warp kanye ne-weft, ubuntu buxhomeke ekwakhekeni okuhlukile kwentambo nephethini yendwangu. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zendwangu zincike ku-warp kanye ne-weft density kanye nokwakheka kwentambo yefayibha yengilazi.
1.5.2 I-Glass Ribbon
I-Glass Ribbon ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, uhlobo lokuqala lusedubulile, uhlobo lwesibili alulona olwelukiweyo, olufakiwe ngokwesibonelo se-weave ecace. I-Glass Ribbons ingasetshenziselwa izingxenye zikagesi ezidinga izakhiwo eziphakeme ze-dielectric. Izingxenye eziphezulu zemishini kagesi kagesi.
1.5.3 Indwangu ye-Unirire
Izindwangu ze-UnidiRectional empilweni yansuku zonke zilukiwe kusuka ezintanjeni ezimbili zobukhulu obuhlukile, futhi izindwangu ezivelayo zinamandla aphezulu endaweni eyinhloko.
1.5.4 Indwangu enezici ezintathu
Indwangu enezici ezintathu yehlukile ekwakhiweni kwendwangu yendiza, kungubukhulu obuthathu, ngakho-ke umphumela wayo ungcono kunefayibha yendiza ejwayelekile. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiber ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiber ezihlanganisiwe zinezinzuzo ezinye izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiber-eziqinisiwe ezingenazo. Ngoba i-fiber inezinhlangothi ezintathu, umphumela wonke ungcono, futhi ukumelana nomonakalo kuba namandla. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukufunwa okwandayo kwalo e-Aerospace, izimoto kanye nemikhumbi eyenze lobu buchwepheshe buye bavuthiwe ngokwengeziwe, futhi manje buhlala endaweni emkhakheni wezemidlalo kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Izinhlobo zezinto ezinezici ezintathu zihlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu, futhi kunezimo eziningi. Kungabonakala ukuthi isikhala sentuthuko sezindwangu ezinobukhulu ezintathu sikhulu.
1.5.5 Indwangu Ebunjiwe
Izindwangu ezibunjiwe zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa izinto ezihlanganisiwe, futhi isimo sazo sincike kakhulu esimeni sento okufanele siqiniswe, futhi, ukuze siqinisekise ukuthobela, kumele kufakwe emshinini onikezelwe. Ekhiqizweni, singenza ukwakheka okulinganayo noma kwe-asymmetrical ngokulinganiselwa okuphansi namathemba amahle
1.5.6 Indwangu Emqoka Eyisisekelo
Ukwakheka kwendwangu eyisisekelo ye-groove nakho kulula. Izendlalelo ezimbili zezindwangu zibekwe ngokufana, bese zixhunyaniswa nemigoqo emile mpo, futhi izindawo zazo eziphambanisa nezigaba ziqinisekisiwe ukuthi zingunxantathu noma amaxande ajwayelekile.
1.5.7 Indwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-fiberglass
Yindwangu ekhetheke kakhulu, abantu futhi bayibiza ngokuthi i-Mat ne-Mat elukiwe, kepha akuyona indwangu ne-mat njengoba sazi ngomqondo ojwayelekile. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi kunendwangu ehlanganisiwe, engafakwa ndawonye nge-warp kanye ne-weft, kepha ifakwe ngokuhlukile yi-warp kanye ne-weft. :
1.5.8 I-Fiberglass Insulating Sleeve
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula. Okokuqala, kukhethwe ezinye izingilazi zefayibha yewarns, bese zifakwa esimweni se-tubular. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuya ngezidingo zebanga le-insulation ehlukene, imikhiqizo oyifunayo yenziwa ngokuzihlanganisa ne-resin.
1.6 Inhlanganisela ye-Glass Fiber
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemibukiso yesayensi kanye nezobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe beglasi le-fiber buthuthuke kakhulu, futhi imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-fiber fiber ivele kusukela ngo-1970 kuze kube manje. Ngokuvamile kukhona okulandelayo:
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(4) Ukuvuselelwa okungahleliwe + okusikiwe koqobo mat
(5) I-UnidiRectional Carbon Fibre + eqoshiwe Mat noma indwangu
(6) Umugqa we-Surfant + oqoshiwe
(7) Indwangu yengilazi + ingilazi enkulukazi noma i-UnidiRirectival Roving + indwangu yengilazi
1.7 Indwangu ye-Fiber Fiber Engelodwa
Lobu buchwepheshe abutholakalanga okokuqala ezweni lami. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bakhiqizwa eYurophu. Kamuva, ngenxa yokufuduka kwabantu, lobu buchwepheshe balethwa e-United States, eSouth Korea nakwamanye amazwe. Ukuze ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wefayibha yengilazi, izwe lami selisungule amafektri ambalwa amakhulu futhi atshale imali kakhulu ekusungulweni kwemigqa eminingana ephezulu yokukhiqiza. . Ezweni lami, ama-mat we-fiber we-fiber waid ahlukaniswe kakhulu ezigabeni ezilandelayo:
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(2) I-Pipe Mat: Njengegama nje, lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswe ikakhulukazi kumapayipi. Ngoba i-fiber fiber iyamelana nokugqwala, ingavikela kahle ipayipi kusuka ekugqwalweni.
(3) Umuthi ongaphezulu usetshenziswe ikakhulukazi ebusweni bemikhiqizo ye-FRP ukuze uyivikele.
(4) I-veneer mat isetshenziselwa kakhulu izindonga nophahla ngoba ingavimba ngempumelelo upende ekuqhekekeni. Kungenza izindonga zicaba futhi zingadingeki zinqunywe iminyaka eminingi.
(5) Iphansi lephansi lisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengezinto eziyisisekelo kuma-PVC phansi
(6) Ukhaphethi Mat; njengezinto eziyisisekelo kumakhaphethi.
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2 Izicelo ezithile ze-fiber yengilazi
2.1 Ukuqinisa Isimiso se-Glass Fiber Fiffered Concrete
Umgomo we-Glass Fiber Fiber Ukuqiniswa Kufana nokhonkolo kufana kakhulu nalokho kwe-fiber fiber ukuqiniswa kwezinto zokwakha. Okokuqala, ukungeza i-fiber yengilazi kukhonkolo, i-fiber yengilazi izothwala ukucindezela kwangaphakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuze zibambezele noma zivimbele ukwanda kwemifantu emincane. Ngesikhathi kusungulwa imifantu ekhonkolo, okusebenza njenge-aggregate kuzovimbela ukwenzeka kwemifantu. Uma umphumela wokuhlanganisa ulungile ngokwanele, imifantu ngeke ikwazi ukunwebeka futhi ingene. Iqhaza le-fiber fiber kukhonkolo lihlanganisiwe, elingavimba ngempumelelo isizukulwane nokwanda kwemifantu. Lapho ukuqhekeka kusakazekela eduze kwe-fiber yengilazi, i-fiber yengilazi izovimba inqubekela phambili yokuqhekeka, ngaleyo ndlela iphoqele ukuqhekeka ukuthatha i-detour, futhi ngokulandelana, indawo ebanzi yokuqhekeka izokhuphuka, ngakho-ke amandla adingekayo Ukulimala kuzokwenyuswa.
I-2.2 inqubo yokubhujiswa yeglasi fiber aqinisiwe ukhonkolo
Ngaphambi kokuba i-fiber yengilazi iqinisile ukubheja ukhonkolo, amandla ashukumisayo athela kakhulu abiwa ngokhonkolo kanye ne-fiber yengilazi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqhekeka, ukucindezela kuzodluliselwa kusuka kukhonkolo kuya ku-fiber yengilazi eseduze. Uma amandla e-Tensile eqhubeka nokwanda, kuzolimala ingilazi, futhi izindlela zomonakalo ziwukulimala kwe-shear, ukulimala kwempesheni, kanye nomonakalo wokudonsa.
2.2.1 Ukwehluleka kwe-Shear
Ukucindezelwa kwe-shear okuthwelwe yi-funcy fiber aqiniswe ngokhonkolo kwabiwe yi-fiber yengilazi kanye nokhonkolo, futhi ukucindezelwa kwe-shear kuzokudluliselwa kwi-fiber yengilazi ngokhonkolo, ukuze kukonakale ngokhonkolo. Kodwa-ke, i-fiber yengilazi inezinzuzo zayo. Inobude obude kanye nendawo encane yokumelana ne-shear yokumelana, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana kwezikhukhula kwefayibha yengilazi kubuthakathaka.
2.2.2 Ukwehluleka Ukungezwani
Lapho amandla ashubile wefayibha yengilazi inkulu kuneleveli ethile, i-fiber yengilazi izophuka. Uma imifantu ekhonkolo, i-fiber yengilazi izoba yinde kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuthe xaxa, ivolumu yayo yamuva izoncipha, futhi amandla ashubile azophuka ngokushesha okukhulu.
2.2.3 Ukudonswa komonakalo
Lapho nje ikhefu likakhonkolo, amandla ashukumisayo e-fiber yengilazi azothuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi amandla ashubile ayoba mkhulu kunobutho phakathi kwefayibha yengilazi nokhonkolo, ukuze kukhishwe ingilazi.
2.3 Izakhiwo eziguqukayo ze-fiber fiber aqiniswe ngokhonkolo
Lapho ukhonkolo oqinisiwe uthwala umthwalo, ijika le-string-stried-stripve lizohlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu ezihlukile ezivela ekuhlaziyweni kwemishini, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwisibalo. Isigaba sokuqala: Ukuguquguquka kwe-elastic kwenzeka kuqala kuze kube sekupheleni kokuqhekeka kokuqala. Isici esiyinhloko salesi sigaba ukuthi i-deformation inyuka ngokuqondile kuze kube yilapho iphuzu a, okumele amandla okuqala okuqhekeka kwensimbi ye-fiber fiber aqiniswe ukhonkolo. Isigaba sesibili: Lapho imifantu ekhonkolo, umthwalo owuthwala uzodluliselwa kwizicucu eziseduze ukuze uthwale, futhi umthamo wokuthwala uzimisele ngokuya nge-fiber yengilazi uqobo kanye nakukhonkolo. I-Point B ngamandla okugcina aguquguqukayo we-fiber fiber aqiniswe ngokhonkolo. Isigaba sesithathu: Ukufinyelela amandla okugcina, i-fiber fiber ephuma noma ikhishwe, futhi imicu esele isengathwala ingxenye yomthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqhekeka kwe-brittle ngeke kwenzeke.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-06-2022
