Izindaba

Ukuthuthukiswa kwei-polyendur resen resenImikhiqizo inomlando weminyaka engaphezu kuka-70. Esimweni esifushane kangako, imikhiqizo ye-polyester resin engafakwanga yathuthuka ngokushesha ngokuya ngemiphumela yezobuchwepheshe. Njengoba imikhiqizo yangaphambili ye-polyeture reserter resin yathuthuka ibe enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu embonini ye-resin ye-thermosetting. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwama-pollins we-polyester angenasisekelo, imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe kumalungelo obunikazi bomkhiqizo, omagazini bebhizinisi, izincwadi zobuchwepheshe, njll. Kuvela enye ngokulandelana. Kuze kube manje, kunamakhulu amalungelo obunikazi bokuqamba minyaka yonke, okuhlobene ne-polyester resin engafakwanga. Kungabonakala ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe besicelo se-polyeturated resin buye bavuthiwe ngokwengeziwe ngokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa, futhi kancane kancane kwakha uhlelo lwayo lobuchwepheshe oluhlukile noluphelele lokukhiqizwa kanye nombono wohlelo lokusebenza. Enqubweni yokuthuthuka edlule, ama-polyester angenasisekelo enze umnikelo okhethekile wokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile. Esikhathini esizayo, kuzothuthuka kwemikhakha ethile ekhethekile, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, izindleko zama-resins ajwayelekile zizoncishiswa. Okulandelayo okunye okuthokozisayo nokwethembisa ama-polyester resin izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi: i-shrinkage ephansi i-resin, i-resin evuthayo ye-resin, i-resin evuthayo ye-styrene, i-resin evuthayo ye-gel, i-resin ekhanyayo Ngezakhiwo ezikhethekile, kanye neminwe yesihlahla esiphakeme ehlelwe ngezinto ezintsha eziluhlaza nezinqubo.

1.Low shrinkage resin

Le nhlobonhlobo ye-resin ingaba nje isihloko esidala. I-Polyester Resin engafakwanga ihambisana ne-shrinkage enkulu ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa, kanye nenani elijwayelekile levolumu shrinkage rate lingu-6-10%. Le shrinkage ingashintshana kakhulu noma iqhekeze izinto, hhayi kwinqubo yokubumba yokucindezela (i-SMC, BMC). Ukunqoba lokhu kusulwa, ama-thermoplastic resins avame ukusetshenziswa njengezengezo eziphansi ze-shrinkage. I-patent kule ndawo yanikezwa iDuPont ngo-1934, inombolo yelungelo lobunikazi i-US 1.945,307. I-patent ichaza i-copolymerization yama-dibasic angerelic acid anezinhlanganisela ze-vinyl. Ngokusobala, ngaleso sikhathi, leli Boutent liphayona ubuchwepheshe obuphansi bokuthi ama-shrinkage technology for poyester resins. Kusukela lapho, abantu abaningi bazinikele ekufundweni kwezinhlelo zeCopolymer, ezazithathwa njengezinkulu zepulasitiki. Ngo-1966 ama-shrow remins aphansi aseMarco asetshenziswa okokuqala ekukhiqizweni kokubumba nokubumba.

I-Plastics Industry Association kamuva ibizwa ngokuthi lo mkhiqizo "i-SMC", okusho ukuthi ishidi lokubumba leshidi, kanye ne-shrinkage premix compound "BMC" isho i-bulk yokubumba. Kumashidi we-SMC, ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuthi izingxenye ezibunjiweyo ezibunjiweyo zinokulinganiselwa okuhle, ukuvumelana nezimo kanye ne-gloss grade, kanye nemifantu emincane ebusweni kufanele kugwenywe ukuba kube nezinga eliphansi le-shrinkage. Vele, amalungelo obunikazi amaningi athuthukile futhi athuthukise lobu buchwepheshe, futhi ukuqonda kwendlela yomphumela ophansi we-shrimpage kukhule kancane kancane, futhi ama-ejenti ahlukahlukene aphansi noma ama-advents aphansi aqhamukayo aqhamuke njengoba izithasiselo zephrofayili eziphansi ziveziwe njengoba kudingeka izikhathi. Izithasiselo ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswayo eziphansi ze-shrinkage ziyi-polystyrene, i-polymethyl methacrylate nokunye okunjalo.

I-DRTGF (1) 2.Flame Retardant Resin

Kwesinye isikhathi izinto ezivuthayo zelangabi zibaluleke njengokutakulwa kwezidakamizwa, kanye nezinto zokwakha amalangabi zingakugwema noma zinciphise ukwenzeka kwezinhlekelele. E-Europe, inani lokufa komlilo sehle cishe ngama-20% eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ngenxa yokusebenzisa amalangabi amalangabi. Ukuphepha kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zelangabi ngokwazo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinqubo ehamba kancane futhi enzima yokulinganisa uhlobo lwezinto ezisetshenziswa embonini. Njengamanje, umphakathi wase-Europe unawo futhi wenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi kuma-halogen-based ne-halogen-phosphorus flame retacdants. , eziningi zazo ezizophothulwa phakathi kuka-2004 no-2006. Njengamanje, izwe lethu ngokuvamile lisebenzisa ama-diols aqukethe ama-chlorine noma ama-dibasic acid halogen esikhundleni sezinto ezivuthayo zokugcina amalangabi. I-Halogen Flame retardars izokhiqiza intuthu eningi lapho ivutha, futhi ihambisana nesizukulwane se-hydrogen halide kakhulu. Intuthu eminyene kanye ne-mog enobuthi ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvutha ibangela ukulimala okukhulu kubantu.

I-DRTGF (2)

Bangaphezu kuka-80% ezingozini zomlilo ezibangelwa yilokhu. Okunye okubi kokusebenzisa i-bromine noma amalangabi asuselwa ku-hydrogen asuselwa ku-forlome Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Inorganic Flame Retacdants enjenge-alumina ye-hydrate, i-magnesium, i-canopy, amakhompiyutha e-molybdenum nezinye izengezo ze-flame retardant zingakhiqiza intuthu ephansi ye-retame retardant resins, yize zinemiphumela yokuvimba amavukuvu. Kodwa-ke, uma inani le-inorganic flame retardant retardant filler likhulu kakhulu, hhayi kuphela ukuthi i-viscosity yokwenyuka kwe-resin, engalungile ekwakheni, kepha futhi lapho kufakwa inani elikhulu le-flame ye-flame ku-resin, lizothinta Amandla okwenziwa ngemishini kanye nezindawo zikagesi ze-resin ngemuva kokwelapha.

Njengamanje, amalungelo obunikazi amaningi angaphandle abike ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amalangabi asuselwa kwi-phosphorus ukukhiqiza ubuthi obuphansi kanye ne-low-smoke flame retardant resendins. AbakwaFosphorus abasuselwa ku-Flame Retacdadants banethuba lokubuyisa lelangabi. I-metaphosphoric acid ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuvutha ingabanjiswa i-polymermer ibe yisimo esizinzile se-polymer, emboza ungqimba lwento yokuvutha, ukuhlukanisa umoya-mpilo, ukukhuthaza ukopha kanye ne-carbonisation ye-resin ebusweni, kanye nokwenza ifilimu evikela i-carbonised. Ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi futhi ngasikhathi sinye amalangabi e-phosphorus asuselwa ku-phosphorus angasetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-halogen flame retaardants, enomphumela osobala kakhulu we-syneregistic. Vele, ukuqondiswa kocwaningo kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-Flame Retardarant Resin kubhema okuphansi, ubuthi obuphansi nezindleko eziphansi. I-resin ekahle ye-resin ayibhemi, enobuthi obuphansi, ephansi, ayithinti i-resin, inezindawo ezibonakalayo ezingokwemvelo, futhi ayidingi ukwengeza izinto ezingeziwe, futhi ingakhiqizwa ngqo esitshalweni sokukhiqiza se-resin.

I-3.Teoughining resin

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zangempela ze-polyester resin ye-pollyester resin, ukuqina kwamanje kwe-resin kwenziwe ngcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthukiswa komkhakha ophansi we-polleture resin engafakwanga, kufakwa ezinye izidingo ezintsha ngokusebenza kwe-resin engalawulwa, ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngobunzima. Ubucwebe bezinhlansi ezingalawulwa ngemuva kokulashwa sekucishe kwaba yinkinga ebalulekile ekhawula ukuthuthukiswa kwama-resin angenasisekelo. Noma ngabe kuwumkhiqizo wezandla wezandla okubunjiwe noma umkhiqizo obunjiwe noma onxenxa, ukugcwala kwekhefu kuba yinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-resin.

Njengamanje, abanye abakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe basebenzisa indlela yokungeza i-resin egcwele ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni. Njengokufaka i-polyester egcwele i-polyester, i-styrene-buthadien ruble kanye ne-carboxy-inqanyulwe (suo-) irabha ye-styrerene-buthaene, njll. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwethula ama-block polymers ku-main chain ye-polyester engafakwanga, efana nesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-interpenetrating esakhiwe yi-polyerature resin kanye ne-polyurethane resin, okuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla ashubile kanye namandla e-resin. , le ndlela enamandla ingeyokuyindlela ye-Chemical Trivening indlela. Inhlanganisela yokuqina okungokomzimba kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali nayo ingasetshenziswa, njengokuxuba i-polyester esebenzayo engaphenduki ngezinto ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo ukufeza ukuguquguquka okudingayo.

Njengamanje, amashidi we-SMC asetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yezimoto ngenxa yesisindo sawo sokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-Design. Ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile ezinjengamaphaneli wezimoto, iminyango engemuva, kanye namaphaneli angaphandle, ukuqina okuhle kuyadingeka, njengamaphaneli angaphandle wezimoto. Onogada bangaguqa ngezinga elithile futhi babuyele esimweni sabo sokuqala ngemuva komthelela omncane. Ukukhulisa ubulukhuni be-resin kuvame ukulahlekelwa ezinye izakhiwo ze-resin, njengokulukhuni, amandla aguqukayo, ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nesivinini sokwelapha ngesikhathi sokwakha. Ukwenza ngcono ubulukhuni be-resin ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ezinye izakhiwo zemvelo ze-resin sekuyisihloko esibalulekile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwama-poshester angenasisekelo.

I-4.low Styrene Valatile Resin

Enqubweni yokucubungula i-polyester resin engafakwanga, i-turatele anobuthi izodala ukulimala okukhulu kwezempilo yabasebenzi bezokwakha. Ngasikhathi sinye, uStyrene ukhishelwa emoyeni, okuzodala ukungcoliswa komoya okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, iziphathimandla eziningi zikhawulela ukugxila okuvumelekile kwe-styrene emoyeni we-workshop yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, e-United States, izinga layo lokuvezwa okuvumelekile (izinga lokuvezwa okuvumelekile) liyi-50ppm, ngenkathi eSwitzerland inani laso le-Pel lingu-25ppm, okuqukethwe okuphansi akulula ukukufeza. Ukuthembela kumoya omncane kunqunyelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukungena umoya omncane kuzobuye kuholele ekulahlekelweni kweStyrene kusuka ebusweni bomkhiqizo nokuthile okuguquguqukayo kwenani elikhulu le-styrene emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola indlela yokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-styrene, kusuka ezimpandeni, kuyadingeka ukuqeda lo msebenzi esitshalweni sokukhiqiza se-resin. Lokhu kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwama-styrene acleatility (lse) ama-resins angangcolisi noma angcolise umoya, noma ama-polyester ahlala e-polyester ngaphandle kwama-monomers e-styrene.

Ukunciphisa okuqukethwe ama-monomers aguquguqukayo kube yisihloko esithuthukiswe embonini ye-polyerster resin yangaphandle engafakwanga eminyakeni yamuva. Kunezindlela eziningi ezisetshenzisiwe njengamanje: (1) indlela yokungeza inhibitors ephansi; . . Enye indlela yokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-styrene ukwethula amanye amayunithi anjenge-daicyclopentadiene kanye nokutholakala kwayo kuma-polyesters resin skeleton, ukuze kufinyelelwe ukubonwa okuphansi, futhi ekugcineni kunciphise okuqukethwe yi-styrene monomer.

Ekufuneni indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokuguquguquka kwe-styrene, kuyadingeka ukuze ubheke ngokugcwele ukusetshenziswa kwe-resin ezindleleni ezikhona zokubumba, inqubo yokubumba, izindleko zokubumba, izindleko zezinto zokwakha zokukhiqiza izimboni, futhi ukuhambisana nohlelo lwe-resin. , Resin Resition, i-Viscosity, Izakhiwo zemishini ze-Resin ngemuva kokubumba, njll. Ezweni lami, akukho mthetho ocacile wokuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwe-styrene. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kwamazinga okuphila kwabantu kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuqaphela kwabantu ngempilo yabo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kumane kuyindaba yesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba kuvunyelwe umthetho ofanele wabathengi abangaxhunyiwe njengathi.

5.corrosion-assistrist resin

Okunye kokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwama-porsester resens angafakwanga ukumelana nokuphikiswa kwawo kumakhemikhali afana nama-organic solvents, ama-acid, izisekelo kanye nosawoti. Ngokwesethu ukwethulwa ochwepheshe benethiwekhi ye-resin ye-resin engekho emthethweni, ama-resins amelana nawo amelana nawo ahlukaniswe ahlukaniswe izigaba ezilandelayo: (1) Uhlobo lwe-O-Benzene; (2) Uhlobo lwe-ISO-Benzene; (3) Uhlobo lwe-P-Benzene; (4) IBisphenol uhlobo; (5) uhlobo lwe-vinyl ester; Futhi abanye njengohlobo lwe-Xyene, uhlobo lwe-halogen-liqukethe uhlobo lwenkimbinkimbi, njll ngemuva kweminyaka yokuhlola okuqhubekayo ezizukulwaneni eziningana zososayensi, ukubhujiswa kwe-resin kanye nendlela yokumelana nokugqwala kufundwe kahle. I-resin iguqulwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengokwethula amathambo ama-molecular okunzima ukumelana nokonakala kwe-polyendustan resen, noma ukusebenzisa i-asocyester engafakwanga, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nenethiwekhi ye-resin. Ukumelana nokugqwala kusebenza kakhulu, futhi i-resin ekhiqizwa yindlela yokuxuba i-resin ye-acid nayo ingafinyelela ukumelana okungcono.

Qhathanisa neama-epoxy resins,Izindleko eziphansi nokucutshungulwa okulula kwama-polyester resins angenasisekelo abe yizinzuzo ezinhle. Ngokusho kochwepheshe be-Resin Net Exterated, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-pollester resin engafakwanga, ikakhulukazi ukumelana kwe-alkali, kuphansi kakhulu kwaleyo ye-epoxy resin. Ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni se-epoxy resin. Njengamanje, ukukhuphuka kwezitezi zokulwa nokugqwala kudale amathuba nezinselelo zama-polyester resestins. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-resins akhethekile wokulwa nokukhulisa anamathuba abanzi.

I-DRTGF (3)

6.I-Gel Cour Resin

I-DRTGF (4)

Ijazi lejeli lidlala indima ebalulekile ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe. Akugcini nje ngokudlala indima yokuhlobisa ebusweni bemikhiqizo ye-FRP, kodwa futhi kudlala indima ekuhlolweni kokugqokwa, ukumelana nokuguga kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala kwamakhemikhali. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abavela kunethiwekhi ye-resin engalawulwa, ukuqondiswa kwentuthuko ye-gel coat resin ukuthuthukisa ijazi le-gel evuthayo ngokuzithambisa okuphansi kwe-styrene, ukuqina komoya okuqinile nokuqina komoya okuqinile. Kunemakethe enkulu yamajazi amelana nokushisa e-Gel Cour Remins. Uma impahla ye-FRP icwiliswe emanzini ashisayo isikhathi eside, kuzovela ama-blisters ebusweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngenxa yokungena kancane kwamanzi ezindaweni eziyinhlanganisela, ama-blisters angaphezulu azokwanda kancane kancane. Amabhulishi ngeke athinte kuphela ukubukeka kwejazi lejeli azonciphisa kancane kancane izakhiwo zomkhiqizo.

Pheka ama-composites kanye nama-polymers Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkampani futhi isebenzisa ama-polytheas-moly-specifid polol-specided resin a Yiba nokumelana kwamanzi okuhle kuphela, kepha futhi ube nobunzima namandla amahle. I-Solvents noma ezinye izinto ezingama-molecular eziphansi zingena ohlelweni lwezinto ezibonakalayo nge-gel coat ungqimba, ukuba yi-resin engamelana namanzi enezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ezibanzi.

1. Night elapha i-polyeturated polyster resin

Izici zokuvula ezikhanyayo ze-pollert resin ezingalawulwa yimpilo ende ende kanye nesivinini esisheshayo sokwelapha. Ama-pollins we-polyeture angenasisekelo angahlangabezana nezidingo zokunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwe-styrene ngokuphulukiswa kokukhanya. Ngenxa yentuthuko yabathwebuli be-Photonsitizers kanye namadivayisi wokukhanyisa, isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwama-resins angenakusebenza abekelwe. Ama-porser we-polyester ahlukahlukene akhiwe nge-polyendurated athuthukiswe ngempumelelo futhi akhiqize ngobuningi. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo, ukusebenza kwenqubo nokuphikiswa komhlaba kwe-Surface kuthuthukile, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuyathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa le nqubo.

I-8.Low-Izindleko Resin enezakhiwo ezikhethekile

Ama-resins anjalo ahlanganisa ama-fondins aqanjiwe nama-resins anemininingwane. Njengamanje, ukushoda kwamandla okhuni kunomkhuba ophakeme ebangeni. Kukhona nokushoda kwabasebenza ngamakhono abasebenza embonini yokucubungula izinkuni, futhi laba basebenzi baya ngokuya bekhokhelwa. Izimo ezinjalo zakha izimo zepulasitiki zobunjiniyela ukungena emakethe yezinkuni. Ama-resins angenakugwenywa ama-foumins kanye namanzi aqukethe amanzi azothuthukiswa njengezinkuni zokufakelwa embonini yefenisha ngenxa yezindleko zawo eziphansi nezinkampani ezinamandla. Uhlelo lokusebenza luzohamba kancane ekuqaleni, bese kuba nokwenziwa ngcono okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, lolu hlelo luzothuthukiswa ngokushesha.

Ama-pollins we-polyeture angenasisekelo angavunyelwa ukwenza ama-resins ama-foument angasetshenziswa njengamaphaneli odonga, abahlukanisi bendlu yangaphambi kokuthola, nokuningi. Ubulukhuni namandla epulasitiki eveziwe nge-pollester resester engafakwanga njenge-matrix engcono kunaleyo ye-PS eyehlazo; Kulula ukucubungula kune-PVC ye-Fomed PVC; Izindleko ziphansi kunalezo ze-polyurethane zePolyurethane, futhi ukwengeza amalangabi ama-retaardants nakho kungenza ukuba ilangaze futhi i-anti-agen. Yize ubuchwepheshe bohlelo lokusebenza lwe-resin buthuthukiswe ngokugcwele, ukusetshenziswa kwe-polyenduss resin ye-polyeturated andester resin engakunaki kakhulu. Ngemuva kophenyo, abanye abakhiqizi be-resin banentshisekelo enkulu ekuthuthukiseni lolu hlobo olusha lwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ezinye izindaba ezinkulu (isakhiwo sezinwele, ubudlelwane bezinyosi, indawo yokugoba i-gel Lezi zinkinga zixazululwa, le resin izosetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezifana nezinto zokwakha i-foam flame esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umnotho wayo nje.

Ama-poshens aqukethe amanzi angenawo amanzi angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwamanzi nohlobo lwe-emulsion. Kusukela ngawo-1960s phesheya, kube namalungelo obunikazi nemibiko yezincwadi kule ndawo. I-Resin equkethe amanzi ukwengeza amanzi njengofler of poyerster engafakwanga i-resin ngaphambi kokuhlala phansi kwe-resin, futhi okuqukethwe kwamanzi kungaba phezulu njengo-50%. I-resin enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-wep resin. I-resin inezimpawu zezindleko eziphansi, isisindo esikhanyayo ngemuva kokuphulukisa, i-flame retardancy enhle kanye ne-shrinkage ephansi. Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokucwaninga kwama-resin aqukethe amanzi ezweni lami kwaqala ngawo-1980, futhi kube yisikhathi eside. Ngokwesicelo, isetshenzisiwe njenge-ejenti ye-ancchong. I-posyester resin engaguquki engapheli ye-poryester inguhlobo olusha lwe-UPR. Ubuchwepheshe elabhorethri buya ngokuya buvuthwa ngokwengeziwe, kepha kunocwaningo oluncane kuhlelo lokusebenza. Izinkinga ezidinga ukuxazululwa futhi ukuqina kwe-emulsion, ezinye izinkinga kwinqubo yokuvukela nokubumba, kanye nenkinga yokuvunyelwa kwamakhasimende. Ngokuvamile, i-pollin eyi-polyendu engafakwanga eyi-10,000 engafakwanga ingakhiqiza amathani angama-600 amanzi amdaka minyaka yonke. Uma i-shrinkage eyenziwe kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-polleturated resin engekho emthethweni isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-resin equkethe amanzi, izonciphisa izindleko zokuphinda uphinde i-resin futhi ixazulule inkinga yokuvikelwa kwemvelo yokukhiqiza.

Sisebenzisana nemikhiqizo elandelayo ye-Resin: i-polsendu engafakwanga i-pollester;I-Vinyl Resin; i-gel coat resin; i-epoxy resin.

I-DRTGF (5)