Izinto ezihlanganisiwe zonke zihlanganiswe nemicu eqinisayo kanye nempahla yepulasitiki. Indima ye-resin ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela ibalulekile. Ukukhethwa kwe-resin kunquma uchungechunge lwemingcele yenqubo yesici, ezinye izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokusebenza (izakhiwo ezishisayo, ukuvutha, ukumelana nemvelo, njll.), izakhiwo ze-resin nazo ziyisici esibalulekile ekuqondeni izakhiwo zemishini yezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Lapho i-resin ikhethiwe, iwindi elinquma ububanzi bezinqubo kanye nezakhiwo ze-composite linqunywa ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-Thermosetting resin iwuhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa lweresin yezinhlanganisela ze-resin matrix ngenxa yokwenziwa kwayo okuhle. Izinhlayiya ze-Thermoset zicishe zibe uketshezi ngokukhethekile noma ziqine kancane ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, futhi ngokucatshangwayo zifana kakhulu nama-monomers akha i-thermoplastic resin kune-thermoplastic resin esimweni sokugcina. Ngaphambi kokuthi ama-resins e-thermosetting elashwe, angacutshungulwa abe yizimo ezihlukahlukene, kodwa uma selashiwe kusetshenziswa ama-ejenti okwelapha, iziqalisi noma ukushisa, azikwazi ukubunjwa futhi ngoba amabhondi amakhemikhali akhiwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okwenza ama-molecule Amancane aguqulwe abe yi-cross-linked cross-linked. ama-polymer aqinile anesisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlayiya ze-thermosetting, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ama-phenolic resins,ama-epoxy resins, ama-bis-horse resins, ama-vinyl resin, ama-phenolic resins, njll.
(1) I-Phenolic resin iyi-resin yokuqala ye-thermosetting ene-adhesion enhle, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kanye nezindawo ze-dielectric ngemva kokuphulukiswa, futhi izici zayo ezivelele ziyizakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela amalangabi, izinga eliphansi lokukhishwa kokushisa, ukuminyana kwentuthu ephansi, nokuvutha. Igesi ekhishiwe ayinabuthi obuncane. Ukucutshungulwa kuhle, futhi izakhi ezihlanganisiwe zingakhiwa ngokubumba, ukusonga, ukubeka izandla, ukufutha, nezinqubo ze-pultrusion. Inani elikhulu lezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-phenolic resin-based zisetshenziswa ezintweni zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi zezindiza zomphakathi.
(2)I-Epoxy resiniyi-matrix yokuqala ye-resin esetshenziswa ezakhiweni zezindiza. Ibonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha. Ama-ejenti okwelapha ahlukene kanye nama-accelerator angathola izinga lokushisa eliphulukisayo ukusuka kumazinga okushisa asekamelweni kuya ku-180 ℃; inezindawo eziphakeme zemishini; Uhlobo oluhle lokuhambisana ne-fiber; ukumelana nokushisa nomswakama; ukuqina okuhle kakhulu; ukukhiqiza okuhle kakhulu (ukumbozwa okuhle, i-viscosity ye-resin emaphakathi, i-fluidity enhle, umkhawulokudonsa ocindezelayo, njll.); ilungele ukubunjwa okuhlangene kwezakhi ezinkulu; ezishibhile. Inqubo enhle yokubumba kanye nokuqina okuvelele kwe-epoxy resin kuyenza ihlale endaweni ebalulekile ku-matrix ye-resin yezinto eziphambili eziyinhlanganisela.
(3)I-vinyl resinibhekwa njengenye yezinhlaka ezinhle kakhulu ezimelana nokugqwala. Ingakwazi ukumelana nama-asidi amaningi, ama-alkali, izixazululo zikasawoti kanye nemithombo ye-solvent enamandla. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni iphepha, imboni yamakhemikhali, i-electronics, i-petroleum, isitoreji nezokuthutha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, imikhumbi, i-Automotive Lighting Industry. Inezici ze-polyester engagcwele kanye ne-epoxy resin, ukuze ibe nakho kokubili izici ezinhle kakhulu zomshini we-epoxy resin kanye nokusebenza okuhle kwenqubo ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe. Ngaphezu kokumelana nokugqwala okuvelele, lolu hlobo lwe-resin lunokumelana okuhle nokushisa. Kuhlanganisa uhlobo olujwayelekile, uhlobo lokushisa oluphezulu, uhlobo lwe-flame retardant, uhlobo lokumelana nomthelela nezinye izinhlobo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-vinyl resin ku-fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) kusekelwe kakhulu ekubekweni kwezandla, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kokuqeda ukugqwala. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-SMC, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kulokhu kuyabonakala kakhulu.
(4)I-bismaleimide resin eguquliwe (okubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-bismaleimide resin) ithuthukiswa ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuneko zamajethi ezempi amasha we-composite resin matrix. Lezi zidingo zihlanganisa: izingxenye ezinkulu kanye namaphrofayili ayinkimbinkimbi ku-130 ℃ Ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye, njll. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-epoxy resin, i-Shuangma resin ibonakala ngokuyinhloko umswakama ophakeme nokumelana nokushisa nokushisa okuphezulu kokusebenza; Ububi ukuthi ukukhiqizwa akukuhle njenge-epoxy resin, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuphulukisa liphezulu (ukuphulukisa ngaphezu kuka-185 ℃), futhi kudinga izinga lokushisa elingu-200 ℃. Noma isikhathi eside ekushiseni okungaphezu kuka-200 ℃.
(5)I-Cyanide (qing diacoustic) i-ester resin ine-dielectric engaguquki (2.8~3.2) kanye ne-tangent yokulahlekelwa kwe-dielectric encane kakhulu (0.002~0.008), izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lengilazi (240~290℃), Ukuncipha okuphansi, ukumuncwa komswakama ophansi, okuhle kakhulu. izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zokubopha, njll., futhi inobuchwepheshe obufanayo bokucubungula ku-epoxy resin.
Njengamanje, ama-cyanate resins asetshenziswa kakhulu ezicini ezintathu: amabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe wedijithali enesivinini esikhulu kanye ne-high-frequency, izinto zokwakha ezisebenza ngamagagasi aphezulu kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe zesakhiwo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-aerospace.
Ukubeka kalula, i-epoxy resin, ukusebenza kwe-epoxy resin akuhlobene nje nezimo zokuhlanganiswa, kodwa futhi kuncike kakhulu kusakhiwo samangqamuzana. Iqembu le-glycidyl ku-epoxy resin liyingxenye eguquguqukayo, enganciphisa i-viscosity ye-resin futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwenqubo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa kwe-resin ephulukisiwe. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezishisayo nemishini yama-epoxy resins eselashiwe isisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana nokusebenza okuningi ukuze kwandiswe ukuminyana kwe-crosslink kanye nokwethula izakhiwo eziqinile. Yiqiniso, ukwethulwa kwesakhiwo esiqinile kuholela ekwehleni kwe-solubility kanye nokwanda kwe-viscosity, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokusebenza kwenqubo ye-epoxy resin. Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukumelana kwezinga lokushisa kwesistimu ye-epoxy resin kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokombono we-resin kanye ne-ejenti elaphayo, amaqembu asebenza kakhulu, kukhulu ukuminyana okuhlanganayo. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-Tg. Ukusebenza okukhethekile: Sebenzisa i-epoxy resin esebenzayo noma i-ejenti yokwelapha, sebenzisa i-epoxy resin ehlanzekile kakhulu. Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa iwukwengeza ingxenye ethile ye-o-methyl acetaldehyde epoxy resin ohlelweni lokwelapha, olunomphumela omuhle nezindleko eziphansi. Uma sikhulu isilinganiso sesisindo samangqamuzana, siyaba sincane ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo samangqamuzana, futhi siba phezulu i-Tg. Ukusebenza okukhethekile: Sebenzisa i-epoxy resin esebenza ngezinto eziningi noma i-ejenti yokwelapha noma ezinye izindlela ezinokusabalalisa kwesisindo se-molecular efanayo.
Njenge-matrix ye-resin esebenza kahle kakhulu esetshenziswa njenge-matrix eyinhlanganisela, izici zayo ezihlukahlukene, njengokucutshungulwa, izakhiwo ze-thermophysical kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo. Ukwenziwa kwe-resin matrix kuhlanganisa ukuncibilika kuzinyibilikisi, i-viscosity encibilikayo (uketshezi) nokushintsha kwe-viscosity, kanye nokushintsha kwesikhathi sejeli nezinga lokushisa (iwindi lenqubo). Ukwakheka kokwakheka kwe-resin kanye nokukhethwa kwezinga lokushisa lokusabela kunquma i-chemical reaction kinetics (isilinganiso sokwelapha), izakhiwo ze-rheological zamakhemikhali (i-viscosity-temperature uma iqhathaniswa nesikhathi), kanye ne-chemical reaction thermodynamics (exothermic). Izinqubo ezahlukene zinezidingo ezahlukene ze-resin viscosity. Ngokujwayelekile, ngenqubo yokusonta, i-resin viscosity ivamise ukuzungeze ama-500cPs; ngenqubo ye-pultrusion, i-resin viscosity izungeze i-800 ~ 1200cPs; ngenqubo yokwethulwa kwe-vacuum, i-viscosity ye-resin ivamise ukuzungeze ama-300cPs, futhi inqubo ye-RTM ingaba phezulu, kodwa Ngokujwayelekile, ngeke idlule ama-800cPs; ngenqubo yokulungiselela, i-viscosity idingeka ukuthi ibe phezulu, ngokuvamile izungeze u-30000 ~ 50000cPs. Yiqiniso, lezi zidingo ze-viscosity zihlobene nezakhiwo zenqubo, imishini nezinto zokwakha ngokwazo, futhi azimi. Ngokuvamile, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-viscosity ye-resin iyancipha ebangeni lokushisa eliphansi; kodwa-ke, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhula, ukusabela kokuphulukisa kwe-resin nakho kuyaqhubeka, sikhuluma ngokwenganekwane, izinga lokushisa Izinga lokusabela liphindeka kabili kukho konke ukwanda okungu-10℃, futhi lokhu kulinganisa kusewusizo ekulinganiseni lapho i-viscosity yesistimu ye-resin esebenzayo ikhuphuka ibe yi-a. iphuzu elithile elibalulekile le-viscosity. Isibonelo, kuthatha imizuzu engu-50 ngohlelo lwe-resin olune-viscosity engu-200cPs ku-100℃ ukuze lukhulise i-viscosity yalo ibe ngu-1000cPs, bese isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze uhlelo olufanayo lwe-resin lukhulise i-viscosity yalo yokuqala ukusuka ngaphansi kuka-200cPs kuya ku-1000cPs ku-110℃. cishe imizuzu engama-25. Ukukhethwa kwemingcele yenqubo kufanele kucabangele ngokugcwele i-viscosity nesikhathi se-gel. Isibonelo, enqubweni yokwethulwa kwe-vacuum, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-viscosity ekushiseni okusebenzayo ingaphakathi kwebanga le-viscosity elidingwa inqubo, futhi impilo yebhodwe le-resin kuleli zinga lokushisa kufanele ibe yinde ngokwanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-resin. ingangeniswa. Ukufingqa, ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-resin enqubweni yomjovo kufanele kucabangele iphuzu le-gel, isikhathi sokugcwalisa kanye nezinga lokushisa lezinto. Ezinye izinqubo zinesimo esifanayo.
Enkambweni yokubumba, ubukhulu nokuma kwengxenye (isikhunta), uhlobo lokuqinisa, kanye nemingcele yenqubo inquma izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa kanye nenqubo yokudlulisa ubuningi benqubo. I-resin yelapha ukushisa kwe-exothermic, okukhiqizwa ukwakheka kwamabhondi amakhemikhali. Uma amabhondi amakhemikhali engeziwe akheka umthamo weyunithi ngayinye ngesikhathi seyunithi, amandla engeziwe akhululwa. Ama-coefficients okudlulisa ukushisa kwama-resin nama-polymer awo ngokuvamile aphansi kakhulu. Izinga lokukhishwa kokushisa ngesikhathi se-polymerization alikwazi ukufana nezinga lokukhiqiza ukushisa. Lawa manani akhuphukayo okushisa abangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuthi kuqhubeke ngesivinini esisheshayo, okuholela kokuningi Lokhu kusabela okuzisheshisayo ekugcineni kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kwengcindezi noma ukuwohloka kwengxenye. Lokhu kugqame kakhulu ekwenziweni kwezingxenye eziyinhlanganisela ezinobukhulu obukhulu, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhulisa indlela yenqubo yokwelapha. Inkinga yendawo "yokushisa ngokweqile" okubangelwa izinga eliphezulu le-exothermic lokuphulukiswa kwangaphambili, kanye nomehluko wesimo (njengomehluko wezinga lokushisa) phakathi kwewindi lenqubo yomhlaba kanye newindi lenqubo yendawo konke kungenxa yendlela yokulawula inqubo yokwelapha. “Ukufana kwezinga lokushisa” engxenyeni (ikakhulukazi ekujikeni kwengxenye), ukuze kuzuzwe “ukufana kwezinga lokushisa” kuncike ekuhleleni (noma ekusetshenzisweni) kwamanye “ubuchwepheshe beyunithi” “kusistimu yokukhiqiza”. Ezingxenyeni ezincane, njengoba inani elikhulu lokushisa lizohlakazwa endaweni ezungezile, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye ngeke ilapheke ngokugcwele. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa okusizayo kudinga ukusetshenziswa ukuze kuqedelwe ukusabela kokuxhumanisa, okungukuthi, ukushisa okuqhubekayo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza izinto ezihlanganisiwe okungezona i-autoclave buhlobene nobuchwepheshe bokwenza i-autoclave bendabuko. Uma sikhuluma kabanzi, noma iyiphi indlela yokwenza izinto eziyinhlanganisela engasebenzisi okokusebenza kwe-autoclave ingabizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokwenza okungeyona i-autoclave. . Kuze kube manje, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokubumba obungeyona i-autoclave emkhakheni we-aerospace ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa izikhombisi-ndlela ezilandelayo: ubuchwepheshe be-non-autoclave prepreg, ubuchwepheshe bokubumba uketshezi, ubuchwepheshe bokubumba be-prepreg, ubuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa i-microwave, ubuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa i-electron beam, ubuchwepheshe bokwenza uketshezi lwe-Balanced pressure. . Phakathi kwalobu buchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe be-OoA (Outof Autoclave) prepreg buseduze nenqubo yendabuko yokwenza i-autoclave, futhi inohlu olubanzi lwezisekelo zenqubo yokubeka ngesandla kanye ne-othomathikhi, ngakho-ke ithathwa njengendwangu engalukiwe okungenzeka ibonakale. ngezinga elikhulu. Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha i-Autoclave. Isizathu esibalulekile sokusebenzisa i-autoclave yezingxenye eziyinhlanganisela esebenza kahle kakhulu ukunikeza ingcindezi eyanele ku-prepreg, enkulu kunokucindezela komhwanga wanoma iyiphi igesi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwezimbotshana, futhi lokhu kuyi-OOA prepreg Ubunzima obuyinhloko lobo buchwepheshe. idinga ukubhodloza. Ukuthi i-porosity yengxenye ingalawulwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-vacuum nokusebenza kwayo kungafinyelela ukusebenza kwe-autoclave cured laminate kuyisimo esibalulekile sokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-OOA prepreg kanye nenqubo yokubumba.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-OoA prepreg kuqala kwavela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-resin. Kunamaphuzu amathathu ayinhloko ekuthuthukisweni kwama-resins we-OoA prepregs: enye iwukuba ukulawula i-porosity yezingxenye ezibunjiwe, njengokusebenzisa ama-resins aphulukisiwe okungeziwe ukuze kuncishiswe ama-volatile ekuphenduleni kokwelapha; okwesibili ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwama-resin aphulukisiwe Ukufeza izakhiwo ze-resin ezakhiwe inqubo ye-autoclave, kufaka phakathi izakhiwo ezishisayo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini; okwesithathu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-prepreg inokwakheka okuhle, njengokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-resin ingageleza ngaphansi kwe-gradient yengcindezi yokucindezela komkhathi, iqinisekisa ukuthi inempilo ende ye-viscosity kanye nokushisa kwegumbi Okwanele ngaphandle kwesikhathi, njll. Abakhiqizi bempahla eluhlaza baqhuba ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ngokwezidingo ezithile zokuklama kanye nezindlela zenqubo. Izikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko kufanele zifake: ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini, ukwandisa isikhathi sangaphandle, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokuphulukisa, nokuthuthukisa umswakama nokumelana nokushisa. Okunye kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kuyashayisana. , njengokuqina okuphezulu nokuphulukiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Udinga ukuthola iphuzu lebhalansi futhi ulicabangele ngokuphelele!
Ngokungeziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-resin, indlela yokukhiqiza ye-prepreg iphinde ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwesicelo se-OoA prepreg. Ucwaningo luthole ukubaluleka kweziteshi ze-vacuum prepreg zokwenza ama-zero-porosity laminates. Ucwaningo olwalandela lubonise ukuthi ama-prepreg afakwe kancane angathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukungena kwegesi. I-OoA prepregs ifakwe phakathi ne-resin, futhi imicu eyomile isetshenziswa njengeziteshi zegesi yokukhipha umoya. Amagesi kanye nama-volatiles ahilelekile ekwelapheni kwengxenye kungaba yi-Exhaust ngokusebenzisa iziteshi kangangokuthi i-porosity yengxenye yokugcina ingu-<1%.
Inqubo yokufaka isikhwama se-vacuum ingeyenqubo ye-non-autoclave forming (OoA). Ngamafuphi, kuyinqubo yokubumba evala umkhiqizo phakathi kwesikhunta nesikhwama sevacuum, futhi icindezele umkhiqizo ngokuwashala ukuze wenze umkhiqizo uminyene futhi ube nezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini. Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinhloko
Okokuqala, i-ejenti yokukhulula noma indwangu yokukhulula isetshenziselwa isikhunta se-layup (noma ishidi lengilazi). I-prepreg ihlolwa ngokwendinganiso ye-prepreg esetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi ukuminyana kwendawo, okuqukethwe kwe-resin, into eguqukayo kanye nolunye ulwazi lwe-prepreg. Sika prepreg ngosayizi. Lapho usika, naka isiqondiso semicu. Ngokuvamile, ukuchezuka kokuqondisa kwezintambo kuyadingeka ukuthi kube ngaphansi kuka-1 °. Faka izinombolo iyunithi ngayinye engenalutho bese urekhoda inombolo yangaphambi kokulungiswa. Lapho ubeka izendlalelo, izendlalelo kufanele zibekwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile ne-oda lokubeka elidingekayo eshidini lokuqopha, futhi ifilimu ye-PE noma iphepha lokukhulula kufanele lixhunywe eduze kokuqondisa kwezintambo, futhi amabhamuza omoya kufanele. zixoshwe ngendlela yemicu. I-scraper isakaza i-prepreg futhi iyikhiphe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze isuse umoya phakathi kwezingqimba. Lapho ubeka phezulu, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganise ama-prepregs, okumele ahlanganiswe ngokuhambisana ne-fiber direction. Enqubweni yokuhlanganisa, ukugqagqana kanye nokugqagqana okuncane kufanele kufinyelelwe, futhi ama-seams okuhlanganisa wesendlalelo ngasinye kufanele anyakaze. Ngokuvamile, igebe lokuhlanganisa le-unidirectional prepreg limi kanje. 1mm; i-prepreg elukiwe ivunyelwe kuphela ukugqagqana, hhayi ukuhlanganisa, futhi ububanzi bokugqagqana bungu-10 ~ 15mm. Okulandelayo, naka i-vacuum pre-compaction, futhi ubukhulu be-pre-pump buyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukene. Inhloso ukukhipha umoya ovaleleke ku-layup kanye nama-volatiles ku-prepreg ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yangaphakathi yengxenye. Bese kuba nokubekwa kwezinto ezisizayo kanye ne-vacuum bagging. Ukuvalwa kwesikhwama kanye nokwelapha: Imfuneko yokugcina ukuthi ungakwazi ukuvuza umoya. Qaphela: Indawo lapho kuvame ukuvuza khona umoya yijoyinti le-sealant.
Siphinde sikhiqizei-fiberglass i-roving eqondile,amacansi e-fiberglass, I-fiberglass mesh, futhifiberglass nokwelukiweyo roving.
Xhumana nathi :
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Email:marketing@frp-cqdj.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-23-2022
