izindaba

Iqhawe Elingadunyiswa Lama-Composites: Ukujula Endleleni Okwenziwa Ngayo Ukuzulazula Kwe-Fiberglass

Ezweni lezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezithuthukisiwe, izinto ezifana ne-carbon fiber zivame ukweba ukugqama. Kodwa ngemuva cishe kwayo yonke imikhiqizo ye-fiberglass eqinile, eqinile, nelula—kusukela ezikhwameni zezikebhe kanye nama-wind turbine blades kuya ezingxenyeni zezimoto namachibi okubhukuda—kukhona izinto eziyisisekelo zokuqinisa:ukuzulazula kwe-fiberglass. Lo mucu wengilazi oguquguqukayo noqhubekayo uyindlela yokusebenza embonini yezinhlanganisela. Kodwa le nto ebalulekile yenziwa kanjani?

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukubuka okujulile inqubo yezimboni eyinkimbinkimbi yokwakha i-fiberglass roving, kusukela esihlabathini esingavuthiwe kuya esitsheni sokugcina esilungele ukuthunyelwa.

Kuyini i-Fiberglass Roving?

Ngaphambi kokuthi ugxile ku-"kanjani," kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi "yini."Ukuhambahamba nge-fiberglassiyiqoqo lemicu yengilazi eqhubekayo ehambisanayo, eqoqwe ndawonye ibe yintambo eyodwa, engasontiwe. Ngokuvamile iboshelwa ku-spool enkulu noma iphakheji yokwakha. Lesi sakhiwo siyenza ibe yindawo ekahle yezinqubo lapho amandla aphezulu kanye nokumanzi okusheshayo (ukugcwala nge-resin) kubalulekile khona, njenge:

–Ukuchitheka:Ukudala amaphrofayili ahambisanayo anjengezinsika kanye nemigoqo.

–Ukugoba kwe-Filament:Ukwakha imikhumbi yokucindezela, amapayipi, kanye nezimbobo zenjini yerokhethi.

–Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Crand Mat (CSM) eqoshiwe:Lapho ukuzulazula kunqunywa khona futhi kusatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe kumatilasi.

–Izicelo Zokufutha:Ukusebenzisa isibhamu sokusika ukuze ufake i-resin nengilazi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Isihluthulelo sokusebenza kwayo sisebuntwini bayo obuqhubekayo kanye nekhwalithi emsulwa yemicu yengilazi ngayinye.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza: Uhambo Oluvela Esihlabathini Kuya Esitsheni

Ukukhiqizwa kweukuzulazula kwe-fiberglasskuyinqubo eqhubekayo, eshisa kakhulu, futhi ezenzakalelayo kakhulu. Ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziyisithupha ezibalulekile.

Isigaba 1: Ukuhlanganisa – Iresiphi Eqondile

Kungase kumangaze, kodwa i-fiberglass iqala ngezinto ezifanayo nezivamile njengebhishi: isihlabathi se-silica. Kodwa-ke, izinto zokusetshenziswa zikhethwa ngokucophelela futhi zixutshwe. Le ngxube, eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-batch,” ngokuyinhloko iqukethe:

–Isihlabathi se-Silica (SiO₂):Ingilazi eyinhloko, enikeza umgogodla wesakhiwo.

–Itshe Lomcako (iCalcium Carbonate):Kusiza ekuqiniseni ingilazi.

–Umlotha weSoda (iSodium Carbonate):Yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika kwesihlabathi, yonga amandla.

–Ezinye Izithasiselo:Amaminerali amancane afana ne-borax, ubumba, noma i-magnesite ayengezwa ukuze anikeze izakhiwo ezithile njengokumelana kwamakhemikhali okuthuthukisiwe (njengasengilazini ye-E-CR) noma ukufakelwa kukagesi (ingilazi ye-E).

Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zilinganiswa kahle futhi zihlanganiswe zibe yingxube efanayo, zilungele isithando somlilo.

Isigaba 2: Ukuncibilika – Uguquko Oluvuthayo

Iqoqo lifakwa esithandweni esikhulu, esisebenza ngegesi yemvelo esisebenza emazingeni okushisa aphakeme cishe1400°C kuya ku-1600°C (2550°F kuya ku-2900°F)Ngaphakathi kwalesi sihogo, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqinile ziguquka ngendlela emangalisayo, zincibilika zibe uketshezi olufana noluqinile olwaziwa ngokuthi ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Isithando sisebenza njalo, kunenqwaba entsha engeziwe ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nengilazi encibilikisiwe ethathwe kolunye.

Isigaba 3: Ukwakheka kwe-Fiber - Ukuzalwa kwe-Filaments

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu nethakazelisayo yale nqubo. Ingilazi encibilikisiwe igeleza isuka esithandweni iye emishinini ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthiukugobaI-bushing iyipuleti le-platinum-rhodium alloy, elimelana nokushisa okukhulu nokugqwala, eliqukethe amakhulu noma ngisho nezinkulungwane zezimbobo ezincane, noma amachopho.

Njengoba ingilazi encibilikisiwe igeleza kulezi zihloko, yakha imifudlana emincane, eqinile. Le mifudlana ipholiswa ngokushesha futhi idonswe phansi ngomshini yi-winder enesivinini esikhulu etholakala phansi kakhulu. Le nqubo yokudweba iyanciphisa ingilazi, iyidonsele ibe imicu emincane kakhulu enobubanzi obuvame ukuba phakathi kwama-micrometer angu-9 kuya kwangu-24—emncane kunonwele lomuntu.

Isigaba 4: Ukusetshenziswa Kokulinganisa - Isimbozo Esibalulekile

Ngemva nje kokuba imicu ibunjiwe, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ithintane, imbozwa ngesisombululo samakhemikhali esaziwa ngokuthiusayizinomai-ejenti yokuxhumaLesi sinyathelo singabaluleka njengokwenziwa kwe-fiberization uqobo. Usayizi wenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile:

–Ukugcotshwa:Kuvikela imicu ebuthakathaka ekukhubekeni komunye nomunye kanye nemishini yokucubungula.

–Ukuxhumanisa:Kwakha ibhuloho lamakhemikhali phakathi kobuso bengilazi obungaphili kanye ne-resin ye-polymer yemvelo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukunamathela kanye namandla ahlanganisiwe.

–Ukunciphisa Okungaguquki:Kuvimbela ukunqwabelana kukagesi ongashintshi.

–Ubumbano:Ihlanganisa imicu ndawonye ukuze yakhe umucu ohlangene.

Ukwakheka okuqondile kosayizi kuyimfihlo evikelwe kakhulu ngabakhiqizi futhi kwenzelwe ukuhambisana nama-resin ahlukene (i-polyester, i-epoxy,i-vinyl ester).

Isigaba 5: Ukuqoqa kanye Nokwakheka Kwezinsika

Amakhulu emicu yobukhulu obuhlukene manje ayahlangana. Ahlanganiswa ndawonye ochungechungeni lwama-roller, aziwa ngokuthi izicathulo zokuqoqa, ukuze akhe umucu owodwa, oqhubekayo—ukuzulazula okusha. Inani lemicu eqoqwe linquma "i-tex" yokugcina noma isisindo ngobude bokujikeleza.

Isigaba 6: Ukugoqa - Iphakheji Yokugcina

Umucu oqhubekayo wokuzulazulaEkugcineni iboshelwa eqoqweni elijikelezayo, okwenza iphakethe elikhulu, eliyindilinga elibizwa ngokuthi “i-doff” noma “iphakethe lokwakha.” Ijubane lokugoqa liphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile lidlula amamitha angu-3,000 ngomzuzu. Ama-winder anamuhla asebenzisa izilawuli eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphakethe ligoqeka ngokulinganayo nangokucindezelwa okufanele, okuvimbela ukugoqana nokuphuka kwezicelo ezingezansi.

Uma iphakethe eligcwele selihlanganisiwe, liyasuswa, lihlolwe ikhwalithi, lifakwe ilebula, bese lilungiselelwa ukuthunyelwa kubakhi kanye nabakhiqizi abahlanganisiwe emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi: Umgogodla Ongabonakali

Kuyo yonke le nqubo, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo kanye nochwepheshe belebhu bahlala beqapha izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nalezi:

–Ukuvumelana kobubanzi bentambo

–I-Tex (ubuningi obuqondile)

–Ubuqotho be-strand kanye nenkululeko ekuqhekekeni

-Ukulingana kohlelo lokusebenza

-Ikhwalithi yokwakha iphakheji

Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ingxubevange yokuhambahamba ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile ezidingekayo zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Isiphetho: Isimangaliso Sobunjiniyela Ekuphileni Kwansuku Zonke

Ukudalwa kweukuzulazula kwe-fiberglassiwumsebenzi wobuciko wobunjiniyela bezimboni, oguqula izinto ezilula neziningi zibe ukuqinisa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu okwakha umhlaba wethu wanamuhla. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ubona i-wind turbine iphenduka kahle, imoto yezemidlalo ebushelelezi, noma ipayipi le-fiberglass eliqinile, uzokwazisa uhambo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokunemba okwaqala ngesihlabathi nomlilo, okwaholela ekubeni yiqhawe elingadunyiswanga lezinto ezihlanganisiwe: i-fiberglass roving.

Xhumana nathi:

I-Chongqing Dujiang Composites Co., Ltd.

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