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Iqhawe Elingasuliwe Lenhlanganisela: Ukucwiliswa Okujulile kokuthi I-Fiberglass Roving Yenziwa Kanjani

Emhlabeni wezinhlanganisela ezithuthukisiwe, izinto ezifana ne-carbon fibre ngokuvamile zintshontsha ukukhanya. Kodwa ngemuva kwayo yonke imikhiqizo eqinile, eqinile, futhi engasindi ye-fiberglass—kusuka ezindlini zezikebhe nama-wind turbine blades kuya ezingxenyeni zezimoto namachibi okubhukuda—kunezinto zokuqinisa eziyisisekelo:ukuzulazula kwe-fiberglass. Lo mucu oguquguqukayo, oqhubekayo wemicu yengilazi iyihhashi lomsebenzi wemboni yezinhlanganisela. Kodwa yenziwa kanjani le nto ebalulekile?

Lesi sihloko sihlinzeka ngokubheka okujulile ngenqubo yezimboni eyinkimbinkimbi yokudala i-fiberglass roving, ukusuka esihlabathini esingahluziwe ukuya ku-spool wokugcina olungele ukuthunyelwa.

Iyini i-Fiberglass Roving?

Ngaphambi kokungena "kanjani," kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi "yini."Ukuzulazula kwe-Fiberglassiqoqo lemicu yengilazi ehambisanayo, eqhubekayo eqoqwe ndawonye ibe umucu owodwa, ongasontiwe. Ivamise ukugqunywa ku-spool enkulu noma iphakheji yokwakha. Lesi sakhiwo siyenza ilungele izinqubo lapho amandla aphezulu kanye nokumanzisa ngokushesha (ukugcwala nge-resin) kubalulekile, njengalokhu:

-I-pultrusion:Ukudala amaphrofayili ahlukene ahlukene afana nemishayo namabha.

-I-Filament Wining:Ukwakha imikhumbi yokucindezela, amapayipi, nama-rocket motor casings.

-Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Chopped Strand Mat (CSM):Lapho i-roving inqunywa futhi isakazwe ngokungahleliwe kumata.

-Izicelo zokuFafaza:Ukusebenzisa isibhamu se-chopper ukufaka i-resin nengilazi kanyekanye.

Isihluthulelo sokusebenza kwayo sisemvelo yayo eqhubekayo kanye nekhwalithi ehlanzekile ye-glass filaments ngayinye.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza: Uhambo olusuka esihlabathini luya e-Spool

Ukukhiqizwa kweukuzulazula kwe-fiberglassiyinqubo eqhubekayo, enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi ezenzakalelayo kakhulu. Ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziyisithupha ezibalulekile.

Isigaba 1: Ukuhlanganisa - Iresiphi enembile

Kungase kumangaze, kodwa i-fiberglass iqala ngezinto ezivamile ezifana nolwandle: isihlabathi se-silica. Nokho, izinto zokusetshenziswa zikhethwa ngokucophelela futhi zixutshwe. Le ngxube, eyaziwa ngokuthi "inqwaba," ngokuyinhloko iqukethe:

-I-Silica Sand (SiO₂):Ingilazi yokuqala yangaphambili, ehlinzeka ngomgogodla wesakhiwo.

-I-Limestone (i-Calcium Carbonate):Isiza ukuzinzisa ingilazi.

-I-Soda Ash (i-Sodium Carbonate):Yehlisa izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lesihlabathi, yonga amandla.

-Ezinye Izithasiselo:Amanani amancane amaminerali afana ne-borax, ubumba, noma i-magnesite yengezwa ukuze kudluliselwe izici ezithile ezifana nokumelana namakhemikhali okuthuthukisiwe (njengasengilazini ye-E-CR) noma ukufakwa kukagesi (E-glass).

Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zikalwa ngokunembile futhi zihlanganiswa zibe ingxube ye-homogeneous, ilungele isithando somlilo.

Isiteji sesi-2: Ukuncibilika - Ukuguqulwa Komlilo

Iqoqo lifakwa esithandweni esikhulukazi, esibaswa ngegesi yemvelo esisebenza emazingeni okushisa ashaqisayo acishe abe ngukuthi.1400°C kuya ku-1600°C (2550°F kuya ku-2900°F). Ngaphakathi kwalesi sitsha esishisayo, izinto ezingavuthiwe eziqinile ziba noshintsho olukhulu, zincibilika zibe uketshezi olulodwa, olubonakalayo olwaziwa ngokuthi ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Isithando somlilo sisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, nenqwaba entsha yengezwe ekugcineni kanye nengilazi encibilikisiwe ekhishwe komunye.

Isiteji sesi-3: I-Fiberization - Ukuzalwa Kwemicu

Lena ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ethakazelisayo yenqubo. Ingilazi encibilikisiwe igeleza isuka esithandweni somlilo ingene emishinini ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi abushing. I-bushing iyi-platinum-rhodium alloy plate, imelana nokushisa okukhulu nokugqwala, equkethe amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezimbobo ezinhle, noma amathiphu.

Njengoba ingilazi encibilikisiwe igeleza kulawa macebiso, yakha imifudlana emincane, enganyakazi. Le mifudlana ibe isipholiswa ngokushesha bese idonselwa phansi ngokuzenzakalelayo yiwinder enesivinini esikhulu etholakala ngezansi kakhulu. Le nqubo yokudweba inciphisa ingilazi, iyidonsele emicu emihle ngendlela emangalisayo enobubanzi obusukela kuma-micrometer angu-9 kuya kwangu-24—izacile kunoboya bomuntu.

Isigaba 4: Isicelo Sokulinganisa - I-Crucial Coating

Ngokushesha ngemva kokwakhiwa kwemicu, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ithintane, imbozwa ngekhambi lamakhemikhali elaziwa ngokuthi.ukulinganisanoma ai-ejenti yokuhlanganisa. Lesi sinyathelo ngokungangabazeki sibaluleke njenge-fiberization ngokwayo. Ukulinganisa kwenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile:

-Ukuthambisa:Ivikela imicu entekenteke ekuhuzukeni enye nenye kanye namathuluzi okucubungula.

-Ukuhlanganisa:Idala ibhuloho lamakhemikhali phakathi kwendawo yengilazi ye-inorganic kanye ne-organic polymer resin, ithuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukunamathela namandla ayinhlanganisela.

-Ukunciphisa Okumile:Ivimbela ukunqwabelana kukagesi omile.

-Ukubumbana:Ibopha imicu ndawonye ukuze yakhe umucu ohlangene.

Ukwakhiwa okuqondile kokulinganisa kuyimfihlo eqashwe eduze ngabakhiqizi futhi yakhelwe ukuhambisana nama-resin ahlukene (i-polyester, i-epoxy,i-vinyl ester).

Isiteji sesi-5: Ukuqoqa kanye Nokwakhiwa Kwe-Strand

Amakhulu emicu eyodwa, enosayizi manje ayahlangana. Aqoqwa ndawonye phezu kochungechunge lwamarola, aziwa ngokuthi izicathulo eziqoqayo, ukuze akhe umucu owodwa, oqhubekayo—i-nascent roving. Inombolo yezinhlamvu eziqoqiwe inquma "i-tex" yokugcina noma isisindo-ngobude bokuzungeza.

Isigaba 6: Ukuvunguza - Iphakheji Lokugcina

Umucu oqhubekayo wokuzulazulaekugcineni iboshelwe kukholethi ejikelezayo, idale iphakethe elikhulu, eliyisilinda elibizwa ngokuthi “i-doff” noma “iphakheji yokwenza.” Ijubane elijikajikayo liphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo, ngokuvamile lidlula amamitha angu-3,000 ngomzuzu. Amawindi esimanje asebenzisa izilawuli eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iphakethe lilimele ngokulinganayo futhi nokushuba okulungile, ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana nokuphuka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezansi nomfula.

Uma iphakheji egcwele isilimele, iyakhishwa (isusiwe), ihlolwe ikhwalithi, ifakwe ilebula, futhi ilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kubakhi bemikhiqizo nabakhiqizi abayinhlanganisela emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukulawula Ikhwalithi: Umgogodla Ongabonakali

Kuyo yonke le nqubo, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kubalulekile. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo nochwepheshe belebhu bahlale beqapha okuguquguqukayo okufana nalokhu:

-Ukungaguquguquki kwe-diameter ye-filament

-Tex (ukuminyana komugqa)

- Ubuqotho be-Strand kanye nokukhululeka ekuphumuleni

- Ukulinganisa ukufana kwesicelo

-Ikhwalithi yokwakha iphakheji

Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke i-spool ye-roving ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqondile ezidingekayo ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ezisebenza kahle.

Isiphetho: Isimangaliso Sobunjiniyela Empilweni Yansuku zonke

Ukudalwa kweukuzulazula kwe-fiberglassiwumsebenzi wobuciko wobunjiniyela bezimboni, oguqula izinto ezilula, ezichichimayo zibe ukuqina kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu obulolonga umhlaba wethu wesimanje. Ngokuzayo lapho ubona injini yomoya iphenduka kamnandi, imoto yezemidlalo eshelelayo, noma ipayipi elimangelengele le-fiberglass, uzothokozela uhambo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokunemba oluqale ngesihlabathi nomlilo, okuholele kuqhawe elingaqashiwe lenhlanganisela: i-fiberglass roving.

Xhumana nathi:

I-Chongqing Dujiang Composites Co., Ltd.

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