I-Vinyl Ester Resin: Lokho Iminyaka Engu-35 Emifuleni Engangifundisa Khona Ngokuyithola Kahle

Bengilokhu ngisebenza kuma-composites kusukela ngo-1989. Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ngiphefumula i-styrene, ngishisa iminwe yami ku-laminate exotherming, futhi ngisebenzelana nabahlinzeki abathembisa umhlaba futhi bathumela udoti. Uma ufunda lokhu, cishe udingai-vinyl ester resinngento ebalulekile. Ithangi lamakhemikhali. Isikebhe sesikebhe. Umsele wokuhlanza. Ngizokutshela engikufundile ngokutholaumhlinzeki we-vinyl ester resin ongeke abhubhise iphrojekthi yakho. Nginemibono. Ngeke ngiyithambise.

Yeka Ukudideka I-Vinyl Ester Ne-Polyester

I-resin ye-vinyl esterungumzala we-epoxy. Uthatha umgogodla we-epoxy bese uwuphendula nge-methacrylic acid. Amaqembu e-ester aphelela emaphethelweni eketanga kuphela. Yilokho konke ubuhlakani be-molecule. Amaqembu ambalwa e-ester asho amaphuzu ambalwa okuhlasela kwe-asidi ne-alkali.

I-Polyester inamaqoqo e-ester kulo lonke uchungechunge. Yingakho amathangi e-polyester eqhekeka ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu esebenza ngamakhemikhali. Amathangi e-vinyl e-ester ahlala iminyaka engamashumi amabili. Ngiwaqoqe womabili. Umehluko awucacile.

Ngibuke abathengi begqoke i-polyester ye-isophthalic ngoba “iseduze ngokwanele.” Ayiseduze ngokwanele. I-Isophthalic iyi-resin enhle. Ayiyonai-vinyl ester resinUma ikhasimende lakho likhethe i-vinyl ester bese uthumela i-iso polyester, uzobanjwa. Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kuthatha imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu. Khona-ke igama lakho lisembikweni wokwehluleka. Ungakwenzi.

I-Epoxy idlula i-vinyl ester ephepheni. Empeleni, i-epoxy ibiza kabili, idinga ama-oven asanda kulungiswa, futhi ama-laminator akho azonda ukusebenza nayo.I-resin ye-vinyl esterizinqubo ezicishe zifane ne-polyester. Ungayibeka ngesandla, uyifuthe, uyikhiphe, uyisebenzise ku-RTM. Lokho kuguquguquka kokucubungula yingakhoi-vinyl ester resinIlawula imakethe yokugqwala ephakathi nendawo. I-Epoxy inempahla yezindiza. I-Polyester inempahla eshibhile. I-vinyl ester inempahla yonke ephakathi.

Ingxoxo Yentengo Okungekho Ofuna Ukuyixoxa Ngokwethembeka

Nakhu ukuthi yiniumenzi we-vinyl ester resinempeleni iyashaja. I-ester ye-vinyl ejwayelekile ye-bisphenol-A isebenza ngama-2,800 kuya ku-3,500 ngethani. I-ester ye-vinyl ye-Novolac epoxy — izinga lokushisa eliphezulu — iphakathi kuka-3,800 kuya ku-4,500. I-Epoxy iqala ku-4,500 futhi ikhuphuke idlule ku-7,000. I-polyester ye-Ortho ingaphansi kuka-$1,800.

I-resin ye-vinyl esterizindleko cishe ziphindwe kabili kunezindleko ze-iso polyester.

Kodwa ku-30% we-sulfuric acid, i-vinyl ester ihlala isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu.

Ngikhiphe ama-core ethangini lamakhemikhali ngonyaka odlule. Sengineminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu ngisebenza. I-vinyl ester liner yayisaphelele. Ithangi elifanayo, i-polyester backup liner, izimo ezifanayo zesevisi. Ngingayiphula leyo resin ye-polyester ngesithupha sami nangomunwe wami.

Ngakho-ke lapho umphathi wokuthenga engitshela ukuthi i-vinyl ester ibiza kakhulu, ngibuza umbuzo owodwa. Ibiza malini ithangi uma yehluleka? Ukuhlanza imvelo kukodwa kudla ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunezindleko ze-resin. Icala liphezulu. Izibalo zilula. Abantu abafuni ukukwenza ngoba inombolo yokuqala ibukeka inkulu ku-PO.

Okuhleumhlinzeki we-vinyl ester resinKukusiza ukuthi wakhe leso sikhwama somjikelezo wokuphila. Esibi simane sisho intengo ngekhilogramu bese siyanyamalala.

Umhwebi noma Umkhiqizi — Funda Ukubona Umehluko

Ingxenye yezinkampani ezikumapulatifomu e-B2B ezizibiza ngokuthi “umhlinzeki we-vinyl ester resin"Abadayisi. Abanawo i-reactor. Abanayo ilabhorethri. Bathenga efektri ethenga i-epoxy kwenye ifektri. I-resin ibonakala edokini lakho ngezinombolo ze-batch ezingahambisani ne-CoA. Ukuqina kuncishisiwe ngo-40%. Ushaya ucingo ukuze ukhononde. Akekho ophendulayo.

Nansi indlela yokuzisusa ngokushesha.

Cela izithombe ze-reactor ezinosuku lwamanje ephepheni esithombeni. Cela umkhiqizo wanyanga zonke ngamathani e-metric. Cela ama-CoA avela kumaqoqo amathathu alandelanayo. Iqinisoumenzi we-vinyl ester resinuphendula le mibuzo ngaso leso sikhathi. Umhwebi uthi “ake ngihlole bese ngibuyela kuwe.” Lowo musho ukutshela konke.

Ngavakashela “umenzi” ngo-2019 owayenewebhusayithi enhle ebonisa ihholo le-reactor elingenabala. Ngafika mathupha. Isikhungo kwakuyindlu yokugcina impahla enezigubhu ezibhalwe kabusha. Akukho reactor. Akukho lab. Indoda eyodwa enefoni. Ngaphuma. Umncintiswano wami akazange alahlekelwe. Walahlekelwa u-$80,000 ngenqwaba embi eyaphuma esigubhuni ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa. “Umhlinzeki” wavimba inombolo yakhe.

Izakhiwo Ezibalulekile Esitolo, Hhayi Ebhukwini

Anginandaba neshidi ledatha. Nginendaba nokuthi kwenzekani lapho i-resin ishaya isikhunta.

Ukuqina. Uma kungaphezu kwama-500 mPa·s ku-25°C, ama-laminator akho azolwa nokumanzi lapho ezulazula ngokuthunga. Azoyinciphisa nge-styrene. Manje usuyinciphisile i-resin. Izakhiwo ziyawa. Umhlinzeki uyakusola ngokufaka i-styrene. Usola umhlinzeki ngokuthumela i-resin ejiyile. Ngiyibukele le mpikiswano yenzeka izikhathi eziyikhulu. Isixazululo silula. Thenga ku-umenzi we-vinyl ester resinolawula ukujiya okuphakathi kwama-mPa angu-200 no-400. Ngokuqhubekayo.

Isikhathi sejeli. Ngisebenze nebhetshi kanye lapho ijeli yafakwa khona ngemizuzu eyi-12 ekushiseni kwesitolo okungu-35°C. Imizuzu eyi-12. Awukwazi ukubeka i-manway fitting ngemizuzu eyi-12. Udinga imizuzu engama-25 kuya kwengama-40 yokusebenza ukuze wenze umsebenzi onzima wokubeka izandla.umhlinzeki we-vinyl ester resinkufanele ulungise iphakheji yomkhuthazi ukuze ifane nesitolo sakho. I-cobalt naphthenate eningi yezitolo ezibandayo. Incane kunezishisayo. I-BPO uma uphola ngaphansi kuka-15°C. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukulungisa uhlelo lokwelapha, ukuthengisela ifomula eqondile futhi elindele ukuthi uyisebenzise. Lokho kuphambene. I-resin iyasebenza kuwe. Awusebenzeli i-resin.

Ukuqina kwe-Barcol. Kufanele kufinyelele ku-35 kuya ku-40 zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ekushiseni kwegumbi. Uma ubambeke ku-28 ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kusho ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphesenti le-MEKP liphansi, noma i-resin indala, noma i-promoter yonakele ngenxa yokugcina okungekuhle. Ngibone i-resin "entsha" eyayinezinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala ngoba yayihleli enqolobaneni eshisayo yomsabalalisi. I-promoter yayisivele iqalile ukusabela ngaphakathi kwesigubhu. Uthola ukuphulukiswa okuhamba kancane kanye nezindawo ezinamathelayo ezingasoze zaqina ngokuphelele.

Lapho Ngibone khona i-Vinyl Ester Win — nalapho Abantu Bachitha Imali

Ngicacisilei-vinyl ester resinAmathangi okugcina amakhemikhali, amapayipi okuhlanza, amagobolondo olwandle, amapayipi agqitshwe phansi, kanye namaphrofayili esakhiwo aqhekekile. Iyasebenza. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni okugqwalisayo nanoma yikuphi lapho udinga khona impilo yokuklama yeminyaka engama-20.

Izitshalo zamakhemikhali. Yilokho okukhulu.I-resin ye-vinyl esteriwuhlobo olujwayelekile lwendwangu yokubopha okwesibili. Uma wakha ithangi eliphethe i-hydrochloric acid engu-30%, ayikho enye indlela eshibhile esindayo. Ngizokusho lokho ngokusobala.

I-Marine. Amanzi olwandle adla i-polyester. I-vinyl ester ihlala amashumi eminyaka. Abakhi bezikebhe abahlakaniphile basebenzisa i-vinyl ester esikhumbeni sangaphandle ngaphansi komugqa wamanzi bese beshintshela ku-polyester ukuze bakhe ingaphakathi. Uthola isithiyo sokugqwala lapho usidinga khona. Wonga imali lapho ungasidingi khona.

Kodwa nakhu lapho ngicasuka khona. Ngibone onjiniyela bechaza i-vinyl ester yethangi lamanzi ekushiseni okujwayelekile. Amanzi. Izinga lokushisa legumbi. I-Iso polyester iphatha lokho iminyaka engamashumi amabili ngesigamu sezindleko. Ngitshela amakhasimende lokhu ngisho noma kusho ukuthi ngithengisa i-resin encane. Uma ucacisa ngokweqile, uchitha imali yamakhasimende akho. Ekugcineni bayakuthola lokho bese bethola umuntu ozoba qotho kubo.

Isitoreji Sizobulala Inzuzo Yakho Emaphakathi

I-resin ye-vinyl esterinesikhathi sokuphila eshalofini sezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-6 ku-25°C. Njalo nge-10°C ngaphezulu lokho kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila eshalofini ngesigamu.

Ngibone abathengi be-oda isitsha esigcwele, besibeka endaweni yokugcina izinto yensimbi ngoJulayi, futhi ngizibuza ukuthi kungani i-resin yagcwala esigubheni ngemva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Ukushisa kubulala i-vinyl ester. Umgqugquzeli uqala ukusabela. Ukuthamba kuyakhuphuka. Ngolunye usuku ekuseni uvula isigubhu futhi siqinile.

Umaumhlinzeki we-vinyl ester resinUma uthumela usuka phesheya kwezilwandle, ulahlekelwa amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane okuphila eshalofini ngokuhamba. Impahla yamakhasimende idla elinye isonto. Indlu yakho yokugcina impahla ihlala phezu kwayo inyanga yonke. Ungase ube namasonto ayisithupha okuphila okusebenzisekayo uma uvula idrama yokuqala.

Oda amanani amancane kaningi. Intengo ngekhilogramu ikhuphuka kancane. Ulahla i-resin encane kakhulu. Ngishintshe iklayenti kusuka ekulethweni kwemikhumbi emikhulu yamathangi ngaya kuma-tote e-IBC anyanga zonke. Imfucuza yakhe yehle isuka ku-12% yaya ngaphansi kuka-2%. Izibalo zisebenze kahle.

Izitifiketi Azikho Ongakukhetha

I-ISO 9001 iyisisekelo. Umaumenzi we-vinyl ester resinakakubambi, qeda ingxoxo.

Ukuthunyelwa eYurophu? Udinga ukubhaliswa kwe-REACH. Akukho REACH, akukho mvume yokukhokha intela. Ngibukele isitsha sonke seklayenti sibanjwa eRotterdam amasonto amathathu. I-resin yayingenayo imibhalo ye-REACH. Izindleko ze-Demurrage zidlule inani le-resin. Umhlinzeki wanikina amahlombe.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zasemanzini zidinga ukuvunyelwa kohlobo lwe-DNV noma lwe-ABS. Amamaki avimbela ilangabi adinga i-UL 94 V-0. Qinisekisa ukuthi isitifiketi simboza amamaki athile owathengayo. Ngibambe abahlinzeki bebonisa isitifiketi se-UL somugqa womkhiqizo ohlukile futhi ngithemba ukuthi ngeke ngiqaphele. Ngiphawulile.

Lokho Engikutshela Wonke Amaklayenti Amasha

Tholaumenzi we-vinyl ester resinohlola yonke inqwaba bese ethumela i-CoA ngaphambi kokuba ubuze. Usokhemisi osebenza kubasebenzi kufanele aphendule ucingo uma i-resin yakho ingeke iphole. Ukupakisha kudinga ukuhlala amasonto amathathu esitsheni. Amadokhumenti kufanele afike ngaphambi kokuba uwalandele.

Oda isivivinyo kuqala. Njalo. Ithani elilodwa kuya kwalihlanu. Yihambise emgqeni wakho wokukhiqiza wangempela. Hhayi ilebhu. Ilebhu iqamba amanga. Iphansi lesitolo likhuluma iqiniso. Bhala phansi isikhathi sejeli ekushiseni kwesitolo sakho. Hlola ukuthi amanzi angakanani ekuqiniseni kwakho okuthile. Beka isikhathi sedemold. Bheka ama-pinhole kanye nama-fish-eyes ebusweni bejeli.

Bese uyiqhathanisa ngqo nanoma yini oyisebenzisayo manje. Uma i-resin entsha yelapheka ngokushesha, imanzi kangcono, futhi ubuso buhlanzekile, usumtholile umhlinzeki wakho. Uma noma yiziphi zalezo zinto zimbi kakhulu, qhubeka ubheka.

Ngisebenze ne-abahlinzeki be-resin ye-vinyl esterkusuka eShayina, eNdiya, eYurophu nase-US. Ezinhle zikhona yonke indawo. I-Geography ayinqumi ikhwalithi. Ukulawulwa kwenqubo kunquma ikhwalithi. Ifektri eqhutshwa kahle eShandong idlula ukusebenza okungahlelekile eStuttgart. Ngizibonile zombili.

I-resin eshibhile kakhulu ayikaze ibe yi-resin eshibhile kakhulu. Ngafunda lokho ngo-1997. Ngayikhokhela ngethangi elihlulekile kanye nekhasimende elithukuthele kakhulu. Isifundo asikashintshi eminyakeni engu-28. Ungafundi ngendlela engifunde ngayo.